In July, the flower buds of apple were still at the peak of differentiation, and the growth rate of the apple was accelerated this month. As the temperature and the ground temperature were higher, the second growth of the root system gradually weakened or even stopped. What should be noted in the management of apple orchards this month? Ma Zhifeng, a professor at the Yangling Vocational and Technical College, stated that the climate change in July is very active and prone to natural disasters such as high temperatures, waterfalls, hailstorms, strong winds, and droughts. The pests and diseases of fruit trees are also very active. For instance, the low-temperature and high-temperature droughts cause the threat of spider mites to increase. Rainy, hot and humid, but also easy to cause early defoliation, ringworm disease, anthrax and other diseases of the epidemic. In addition, the fruits of this month are also prone to day burns. Therefore, in light of these conditions, fruit growers should take measures to manage orchards. Focus on the following four aspects.
Integrated control of pests and diseases
Spray 1:2:200 times more Bordeaux mixture in early July, and spray once or twice a day with 12% of farmer's resistance or 3% of polymyxin or 52.5% of carbendazim or 16% of isoformamide or 12.5. % Diniconazole or 25% myclobutanil or 25% propiconazole, etc., to control ringworm disease, early defoliation, anthrax.
When the average number of leafhoppers exceeds 2 heads/leaf, mix 10% fenbutin or 1.8% avermectin or 50% chlorpyrifos or 20% thiocyanide or Wanling to control spider mites. , Anti-peach, leaf leaf moth and other pests.
Soil protection, drought resistance
Tree-covered grass-covered tree-covered grass can reduce soil temperature and increase soil fertility and water retention. For an orchard that does not have a tree cover and grass cover, it is important to take advantage of the abundant grassland resources after the wheat harvest and carry out a comprehensive grass cover on the trees.
The orchards with more weeds, weeds, and weeds should be cultivated and weeded to improve the ventilation conditions in the lower part of the canopy, reduce the air humidity in the orchards, and reduce the chance of disease (the greater the humidity in orchards, the more likely the disease will occur).
Irrigation and drainage should be watered during high temperature and drought, because when the temperature exceeds 35°C, the photosynthetic production capacity of the leaves will rapidly decline. If the water supply is insufficient, the trees and fruits are also most prone to solarization.
In case of heavy rain this month, pay attention to drainage and flood prevention. Because the rooting time of the fruit tree is too long, it will cause the root system to die due to breathing difficulties. This will not only affect the normal growth and absorption of the fruit tree roots, but also cause root rot, debilitating trees, and even death of the whole plant in severe cases.
prune
Take the branch, pull the branch and in addition to sprouting last month to take the branch, pull the branch, the month of July can be carried out. After taking a branch and pulling a branch, a new shoot is erected on the back of the branch and should be erased at any time.
The results of the top branches and hanging sticks often result in sagging of the fruit due to the weight of the fruit, pressing to the ground or overlapping with the branches below, resulting in deterioration of the local lighting conditions, resulting in poor coloration of the fruit and infestation of various pests and diseases. At the same time, poor illumination also affects the number and differentiation quality of flower bud differentiation. Therefore, from the beginning of this month to August, the fruit growers should support the drooping branches with wooden sticks or use ropes to distribute them evenly and reasonably. In order to prevent the occurrence of sunburn, support (hanging) should avoid the high temperature at noon.
Other auxiliary management
The orchard with foliar spray fertilizer with high temperature, drought and no irrigation conditions can spray 2 to 3 yellow humic acid, humic acid, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to enhance the drought resistance of fruit trees and reduce the occurrence of sunburn disease.
Check the fruit bag, pay attention to the bag after the rain and open the ventilation hole to prevent the fruit bag from sticking to the fruit and cause fruit loss.
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