Now is the corn harvest season. Corn stalk return has been gradually accepted by farmers' friends. However, some farmers have not grasped this technology comprehensively. Some problems have appeared in the application, and even have negative effects. Wheat appears in some fields. Low emergence rate, yellow seedlings, weak seedlings or even dead seedlings. According to the analysis, the main reasons are the imbalance of carbon and nitrogen ratio, excessive comminution of straw and loose soil, and production should be guarded against.
Anti-carbon-nitrogen ratio imbalance. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of corn stover is 65-85:1, and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen that is suitable for microbial activity is 25:1. If nitrogen is insufficient in the soil after straw is returned to the field, the microorganism will compete for nitrogen with the crop, and the wheat will lose nitrogen. Yellow, thin, poor growth. Solution: After the straw is crushed, 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate or 20 kg of urea can be applied to the surface of the straw per acre, and then the tillage can be performed again.
Straw crushing too thick. Some crushed stalks are too long and the length is more than 10 cm, which is not conducive to ploughing and affects sowing. Solution: Use a large straw mill with a relatively large horsepower, so that the straw is finely comminuted, and the rotation is deeper, and the straw and the soil are also mixed.
Prevent soil from loosening. After the straw is returned to the field, the soil is too loose and there are many large pores. The wheat seeds cannot be in close contact with the soil, affecting the germination and growth, being not firmly rooted, and even appearing as a phenomenon of “hanging rootsâ€. To solve this problem, in addition to improving the quality of straw smash, we must pay attention to the following aspects: (1) Apply enough nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. (2) Improve soil moisture. (3) Improve the quality of sowing. (4) Timely suppression and watering. After wheat sowing, it was air-dried for 1 day and was pressed with Dendrobium to densify the soil.
In addition, diseased straw can not be returned directly to the field, otherwise it will be easy to grow corn if it is planted in the summer of the following year. This kind of straw should be destroyed or put into the farmland after high-temperature composting.
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