Soybean cultivation in early spring often occurs in the case of less pods and fewer grains in the pod, and production measures should be actively taken to prevent it.
cause
(1) The temperature is low. The suitable temperature for soybean growth was 15～25°C, and the suitable temperature for flower bud differentiation was about 20°C. The temperature below 15°C would affect the fertilization and fruiting; the suitable temperature for flowering was 24～29°C during the day, 18～24°C at night, and the night temperature. The impact is the greatest, and the night temperature is lower than 15°C. Even if the daily temperature is high, it cannot bloom. The spring temperature is prone to sudden changes. Soybean flower bud differentiation and flowering and podging are affected by low temperature, which has a greater impact on scarring.
(2) Malnutrition. Soybean rhizobia can fix nitrogen in the air to supply its own nutrition and increase the amount of nitrogen in the soil. Early-maturing soybeans planted in early spring, due to low temperature, Rhizobium bacteria are not easy to reproduce, easily lead to nitrogen deficiency, resulting in poor plant growth and serious loss of calyx.
(3) Soil drought. Flowering, podging, and graining are the periods when soybeans grow most vigorously and require the greatest amount of water. Soil moisture content is required to be 60% to 70% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field. Soil drought at this time will affect the absorption of carbon dioxide by the plants and affect photosynthesis. The vegetative growth of plants is affected, the number of flowering and knotting will inevitably decrease, and the flower buds will also fall off. At the same time, the ovules will not receive sufficient nutrients and will form pods.
Precaution
(1) Cultivation in protected areas. Planting soybeans in early spring can use greenhouses, small sheds, plastic membranes and other protective facilities. The soil temperature should be sown at temperatures above 12°C from mid-February to early March. During the growth period, the temperature required in each stage can be promptly increased or the membrane vented.
(2) Proper close planting increases the number of knots. Guarantee the basic seedlings per acre of about 20,000.
(3) increase fertilizer material. Mainly based on basal fertilizer supplemented with top dressing. The amount of basal fertilizer depends on the soil fertility. Generally, the amount of composted organic fertilizer is 1000-1500 kg per mu, compound fertilizer is 30 kg, and plant ash is 100-150 kg. During the growth, depending on the growth of the plant, thin human urine is applied in a timely manner. At the beginning of flowering, spray 0.02%-0.05% ammonium molybdate solution 25kg per acre.
(4) Reasonable irrigation. In case of drought in the period of flowering, pods and pods, the principle of "diligence in irrigation and irrigation" should be used. Generally, irrigation should be performed 2 or 3 times.
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