1. What is wheat nitrogen fertilizer backward transfer technology
The so-called nitrogen fertilizer delayed decay technology, as the name suggests, is to appropriately delay the time of applying nitrogen fertilizer in high-yield wheat fields, and then move it to the jointing stage (mid April). If the soil fertility is high, the soil is planted by tillering. Varieties with high ear rate can be moved to the jointing stage to the tip of the flag leaf. At the same time, the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer as base fertilizer should be reduced to 50%, the proportion of topdressing fertilizer should be increased to 50%, and the proportion of base fertilizer in wheat fields with high soil fertility can be reduced to 30 %-50%, top dressing ratio is 50%-70%.
2. The principle of increasing production of nitrogen fertilizer
The high-yield cultivation technique of nitrogen fertilizer is suitable for the combination of high-yield and high-quality of strong gluten wheat and medium gluten wheat. In the high-yield and high-quality cultivation of winter wheat, the operation of nitrogen fertilizer is generally divided into two, the second is to plow part of the nitrogen fertilizer into the ground with the cultivated land before wheat sowing, which is called base fertilizer. The second is the spring top dressing combined with spring watering. The traditional fertilization method we are used to is base fertilizer-generally 60%-70%, and top dressing 30%-40%. Top dressing time-generally from the green period to the rise period, and some increase when pouring overwintering water before overwintering-second top dressing, let us calculate-next, the growth period of winter wheat in our county-generally 230-270 days, wheat from sowing The period from emergence to greening and rising period accounts for about 2/3 of the entire growth period of wheat, and the total growth of wheat during this period is less than l/l0 of the total growth during the growth period of wheat. A large amount of nitrogen fertilizer is reapplied to wheat In the early stage of growth, the wheat field population is too large and the number of ineffective tillers increases. As a result, the wheat is covered in the field in the middle of the growth period. The light transmittance of the wheat field is poor, and the lower leaves cannot effectively use the sunlight energy, causing premature aging, which greatly increases the risk of lodging in the later stage of wheat. Sex, affecting wheat yield and quality.
In addition, due to the undeveloped root system of wheat in the early stage of growth and the small number of secondary roots, it is difficult to effectively absorb nitrogen fertilizer in the soil. Nitrogen is difficult to be fixed by the soil, and it will penetrate deep into the soil with precipitation, and it is difficult to be absorbed and utilized by crops. , Wasted for nothing. Not only that, the excess nitrogen fertilizer can also pollute groundwater and cause harm to the human body. The nitrogen fertilizer backward transfer technology focuses on the period and application amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the middle and late stages of wheat growth. At this time, the wheat root system is developed, the growth rate is fast, and the amount of fertilizer required is large, so the nitrogen fertilizer absorption and utilization rate is high, and it can be effective The control of ineffective tiller overgrowth, shaping the strong plant type of flag leaf and the first two leaves, so that the unit land area can accommodate more ears. After standing upright and flowering, photosynthetic products accumulate more, and the proportion of distribution to the grain is large. It can promote root piercing, increase the amount of root coefficient in the deep soil layer and the vigor of the later root system, which is beneficial to delay senescence, prolong the time of photosynthesis transfer to the grain, increase grain weight, improve quality, and increase yield.
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