At present, crevice floors have been widely adopted by pig farms. Especially for the modern high-bed intensive pigs, the squeezing floor or half-slatted floor is used for all kinds of gestation sows, farrowing sows, weaned pigs and finishing pigs. The use of crevice flooring not only facilitates the collection of excreta and allows for dry and wet separation, but also improves animal health and epidemic prevention conditions. The author in the production of the first line, through the actual operation of the leaking floor produced a shallow analysis of the problem.
1, the occurrence of pig foot and foot disease
According to reports, the use of different floor materials, trotters injury is also different, in the mud on the ground, the smallest trochanteric lesions, in the aluminum bar, the hooves lesions slightly more than on the pig iron slats, cement slats The severity of footpad lesions in pigs was the most severe with plastic flooring and aluminum slat flooring, and the incidence of foot cracking was highest in the mud surface. In general, the ground that facilitates the wear of the hoof shell can often reduce the damage of the toe pad but can increase the cracking of the hoof.
As a result of closed breeding and the use of slatted floors, the opportunity for pigs to obtain some biotin from feces, barnyardgrass and soil is reduced, resulting in the lack of biotin, which leads to keratinocyte proliferation, cracking, hoof shell hardening and rupture. The pigs showed slow growth, a large number of coats fell off, dermatitis, increased skin folds, dry and full scales, hoof horizontal cracks, the bottom of the shoes were easy to wear, and had deep cracks, and some cracks reached deeper into the dermis. Bleeding. The pig's gait instability, hanging hooves, limping and even crawling, seriously affect the production performance of sows and accelerate the elimination rate of fertile sows.
The distortion, flexion or movement of the slatted floor slats can cause the pig's limbs and feet to fall into the gap, causing cuts, lacerations, and bruises, increasing the occurrence of swine hoof disease, causing cracking of pig hoof shells, and footpad lesions. , Soft ulcers, seriously affect the sow's production performance and service life, so that the sows were eliminated.
2, pig nipple lesions
Due to the rough contact surface of the slat floor made of cast iron, the nursing sow tits raised on the positioning bar are in friction with it, resulting in various breast diseases, causing milky degeneration and also leading to the onset of piglets. Seriously affect sow reproductive performance and species life. During weaning, piglets are placed on high beds with sows, and no bedding is placed in the pens. The piglets are in direct contact with hard surfaces such as pig iron and concrete whenever they are playing, feeding, or resting. The irreversible necrosis and degeneration of the piglets' nipples also occur. In particular, the use of piglets, effective teats have been seriously affected. As the value of seed use decreases, the overall utilization rate of piglets declines, resulting in an increase in the cost of farming.
3, feed waste
The feed cost is the most expensive item in pig production costs, which accounts for 60%-80% of the total production cost. In many pig farms, feed waste is high, typically accounting for 8% to 10% of the total feed usage, while the waste of high-bed leaky floor feeds can reach 20%. When feeding piglets, due to the behavioral characteristics of the piglets, it is easy to arch the feed out of the trough, and the outside of the trough is a slatted floor. Once the feed is arched out of the trough, it leaks from the leaking seam to the bottom and cannot be used as pigs. Feeding causes a waste of feed.
4. Increased incidence of yellow and white warts in winter newborn piglets
Piglets Astragalus membranaceus is a highly lethal infectious disease of piglets caused by pathogenic E. coli. It mainly affects piglets from a few hours to 1 week of age. The incidence and mortality of piglets, especially 1- to 3-day-old piglets, are the highest. Up to 90%, the mortality rate of more than 80%. Piglet ferret is a non-septic, acute infectious disease of 10-30 days old piglets caused by pathogenic E. coli, and the incidence rate is higher 805, and the general mortality rate is relatively low. The neonatal piglet's organism regulation function is not perfect, and it is vulnerable to external environmental factors. In case of abrupt climate change, the leaked seam floor will not lay the mat grass, the thieves wind invades from the bottom up, the piglets will not keep warm, and it will easily lead to yellow and white piglets . Coupled with postpartum susceptible to mastitis postpartum, causing milky degeneration, leading to the incidence of piglets. Iron deficiency anemia, hypoglycemia, selenium and vitamin E deficiency and other nutritional metabolic diseases, leading to decreased body resistance of piglets, induced and secondary yellow piglets produce piglets. Closed breeding and the use of slatted floors reduce the sources of trace elements that piglets need to obtain from natural environments such as barnyardgrass and soil, resulting in a lack of trace elements and an increased risk of iron deficiency anemia. Therefore, piglets must be artificially supplemented with iron within 3 days of birth to reduce the risk of anemia in piglets and reduce the incidence of yellow and white piglets, thereby increasing the survival rate of piglets and raising the economic benefits of pig breeding.
5, environmental pollution in housing
The pig manure plugs the gap floor of the leaking joint, and the trotters trample on the manure, the manure is not easy to remove, the manure is not thorough, and complete separation of the manure cannot be achieved. The accumulation of residual feed that has not been cleared in time under the leaking seam has provided favorable conditions for the rapid propagation and spread of pathogenic microorganisms, and has resulted in low health and disease resistance of pigs. A large number of medications can not completely sterilize the culture environment, which not only affects the quality of pork, but also increases the resistance of existing pathogens and evolves new pathogens. This not only brings difficulties to epidemic prevention, but also causes serious problems for the breeding industry. The economic losses also directly affect the sustainable development of the livestock industry.
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