In recent years, with the promotion of insect-resistant cotton, the phenomenon of premature aging of cotton is very common, and insect-resistant cotton is more susceptible to premature aging than non-broom resistant cotton. The main causes of premature senescence of insect-resistant cotton: Insect-resistant cotton effectively controls the damage of bollworm, the loss of budding bells is greatly reduced, the reproductive growth is vigorous, and the bell is early and many, and it is bound to consume a large amount of nutrients in the plant, so it is easy to cause premature aging; After the introduction of insect-resistant genes into cotton, resistance to disease declines, which is another important cause of premature aging. In addition, premature aging of cotton is closely related to soil fertility and fertilization. Insect-resistant cotton needs to increase soil fertility, increase fertilization and achieve balanced fertilization. To prevent the premature decline of cotton, it is necessary to take corresponding remedial measures based on the causes to ensure the harvest of cotton.
1. Rotation of crop rotation, fertility and fertility This is the key measure to prevent premature aging of cotton and the most basic work. Rotary cropping can improve the ecological environment of the soil, increase soil fertility and reduce disease. The application of organic fertilizers to improve straw return to land can improve the soil structure, fertility and fertility, improve soil water and fertility, and can effectively reduce premature aging due to soil environmental stress.
2. Early-deployment of cotton fields, removal of early buds in the middle or late June, removing 4 to 8 early buds from the 1st to 4th fruit branches of the lower part of each plant, which can well coordinate the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, thus effectively preventing Premature decline has promoted the high quality and high yield of cotton. The results of multi-point trials and large-scale demonstrations in Weifang City for 4 consecutive years consistently showed that both premature and late years, as well as normal years, as long as early-onset cotton fields and the correct application of harvesting techniques are effective in preventing premature aging , gaining increased production and income. When young buds were harvested, buds and deadlocks were reduced by 47.6% and 46.7%, respectively. Fiber grades were increased by 0.5, lengths were increased by 0.22 mm, mu increased by 4.5 kg, and mu increased by 27.8 yuan.
3, bud suitable for timely watering in the Huanghuai region, spring cotton generally bud before and after mid-June, can recover 7 to 9 kilograms of nitrogen fertilizer, have a good hair frame effect. The farmer said that “when cotton is poured before and after wheat harvest, there must be no difference between the tenth and the tenth year.†Insufficient lyrics should be watered in time, and watering should be done in time to protect the crop.
4, flower and bell period to prevent drought, flooding, anti-dehydration fertilizer flowering and bolling period is the peak period of cotton need fertilizer and fertilizer, usually topdressing compound fertilizer per acre 15 to 20 kg is appropriate to meet the needs of a large number of flowering bell. In late July to early August, foliar spray NPK fertilizer solution 2 to 3 times, there is a good effect of preventing premature aging and increasing production. Topdressing should be closely matched with watering, so that timely watering in case of drought, generally 7 to 10 days high temperature without rain, we must quickly pour water. This period coincides with the rainy season, often with heavy rain, which can easily cause water accumulation in the cotton fields. It is necessary to promptly rule out water accumulation and prevent premature senescence due to the lack of oxygen in the root system due to water accumulation.
5. Root-protecting leaf to prevent premature aging After insect-resistant cotton enters mid-fertility, it is an important measure to prevent premature aging. The vegetative shoots of insect-resistant cotton are generally of small and weak birth. The whole twigs can only be topped off, and the vegetative branches are kept as far as possible to increase the nutritional area so as to facilitate the production of more nutrients and promote plant growth. After flowering, it should not be deep cultivator, so as to avoid premature aging caused by injury.
6, scientific use of pesticides in cotton in the middle and late, Fuxi, red spider mites, stem blight and other diseases and pests, often occur more seriously, if not scientific drug control, easy to cause premature aging of cotton. Therefore, we must fully protect the use of natural enemies to control pests and minimize the number of sprayings. Choose pesticides that are not likely to produce phytotoxicity on cotton, and do not spray high-concentration pesticides to avoid damaging the leaves, which will help extend the functional period of the leaves and prevent premature aging of the cotton.
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