Can the use of seed fertilizers increase the yield of crops? What is the role of fertilizers? Fertilizer application is a cost-effective method of fertilization. It can be applied in a variety of ways, such as seed dressing, soaking seeds, strips, acupoints or roots. Fertilizer is a method of fertilizing a small amount of fertilizer under the seed when the crop is planted. Different places are called different methods. For example, the northeast region refers to the fertilizer as “mouth fertilizerâ€. Fertilizer is a fertilization method that saves fertilizer and improves fertilizer efficiency.
The specific role of the seed fertilizer is mainly to achieve strong seedlings, laying the foundation for the final high yield of the crop. The seedling growth of spring sowing corn, cotton and soybeans does not require much nutrient. The quantity of seed fertilizer is required to be small and refined, but the response of crop seedlings to nutrient levels is very strict and sensitive, especially for general crops for phosphorus nutrition. The critical period of demand is in the seedling stage. If the phosphorus supply is slightly insufficient, the symptoms of phosphorus deficiency will affect the later yield.
Therefore, the seed fertilizer is particularly demanding for the supply of phosphate fertilizer. For example, in the three-leaf stage of maize, the symptoms of purple leaves appear as purple leaves, and the deficiency of phosphorus in soybean seedlings occurs in two true leaves. Once the symptoms of phosphorus deficiency occur in the seedling stage, even if the phosphate fertilizer is replenished in the middle and late stages, it is difficult to compensate for the loss caused by phosphorus deficiency at this time. Especially when planting corn and soybeans in soils that are not too fertile or do not apply organic fertilizers all the year round, it is necessary to combine the seeding and application of phosphorus-containing fertilizers.
The principle of compounding fertilization of fertilizers is to use nitrogen as the main nitrogen compound. At the same time, it is necessary to fertilize the fertilizers of spring-casting crops in the finest amount, and the second is to mix nitrogen fertilizer. It not only promotes growth but also keeps seedlings strong. The spring crops such as corn, cotton and soybean need phosphorus urgently. The application of phosphorus fertilizer can promote the development of roots and improve the stress resistance of seedlings, so as to resist the adverse conditions such as cold or drought in spring to reach the goal of Miaoqi and Miaozhuang.
In the amount of fertilizer applied, the amount of seed fertilizer is much less than that of the base fertilizer. Fertilizers with fertilizers can be used with both unit and compound fertilizers. First of all, in the unit phosphate fertilizer, superphosphate is a quick-acting phosphate fertilizer, which can be used as a seed fertilizer, and the suitable dosage is between 6 and 10 kg per mu. Among the unit nitrogen fertilizers, ammonium sulfate is used as a seed fertilizer, which has no adverse effect on seed germination, and is an ideal nitrogen fertilizer variety.
The dosage per acre is 5 kg, and other nitrogen fertilizer varieties are not all suitable for seed fertilizer. In the case of urea, because of its high nitrogen content, it is generally not suitable for seed fertilizer. If only urea is used as seed fertilizer, the dosage should be controlled. It is suitable to apply 2.5 kg of urea per mu, and the biuret content in the urea product should not be More than 1%.
Among the compound fertilizers, diammonium phosphate is a quick-acting nitrogen-phosphorus binary compound fertilizer with high total nutrient and phosphorus-based nitrogen supplementation, which is suitable for various crops as seed fertilizer. In the northeastern region, the farmers are accustomed to use diammonium phosphate as the mouth fertilizer, and the average dosage is 3~5 kg/mu. The effect is very good.
High-nitrogen compound fertilizer, because of high nitrogen content and low phosphorus content, does not meet the requirements of seed fertilizer, and the application rate is slightly higher. The high concentration of urea-based nitrogen inhibits seed germination. In recent years, high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is used for seed production. The burning accident caused by fertilizer is more serious and widespread.
Seed dressing is a method of dissolving or diluting the fertilizer with a small amount of water, spraying it on the surface of the seed, spraying it while spraying, and sowing it after drying. Soaking seeds is to dissolve or dilute the fertilizer into a certain concentration of solution. According to the ratio of liquid: 1:10, the seeds are soaked in the solution for 12 to 24 hours, so that the fertilizer liquid penetrates into the seed coat with water, and is dried after sowing.
Roots refer to the solution of rice and other transplanted crops, which are diluted to a certain concentration (usually 0.01% to 0.1%) before transplanting or transplanting, and the roots of the crops are smashed into the fertilizer solution. After ditching or digging, the fertilizer is applied to the 3~5 cm ditch of the plough layer, and the seed and fertilizer distance are kept above 3 cm.
Commonly used fertilizers include fermented organic fertilizers, humic acid fertilizers, amino acid solid fertilizers, liquid fertilizers, microbial fertilizers, and quick-acting fertilizers. In principle, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride and urea are not suitable for seed fertilizer. The quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer is 2.5-5 kg ​​per mu; the ammonium phosphate or three-element compound fertilizer is 2.5-5 kg; the humic acid and amino acid liquid fertilizer are diluted 600-800 times; the micro-fertilizer is generally diluted to 0.1%-0.05%.
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