The big tree stretches out many branches and sways in the wind. These branches are not arbitrarily grown but controlled by genes. Scientists in the United Kingdom and the United States have discovered a new gene, which determines when plants will take new branches. Scientists from the University of York and the University of Florida in the United States reported in a new issue of Modern Biology that the gene is called MAX3. It determines whether or not the plant will grow a branch under certain conditions. The final shape is very important. By adjusting this gene, it is possible to cultivate new varieties of plants, make the shape of horticultural crops more beautiful, or grow crops and trees more efficiently, and avoid wasting nutrients. Scientists discovered this gene when they studied a plant called Arabidopsis thaliana. The Arabidopsis thaliana, which has been mutated in this gene, will grow in extra branches. This shows that the protein encoded by the MAX3 gene may play a role in inhibiting the growth of shoots when the trunk of the plant grows. It is unclear exactly where the gene works, and scientists have speculated that the MAX3 protein may bind to a molecule called carotenoids and then "cut" the carotenoid molecules into fragments that signal the growing cells. Tell them how to split. In the past, it has been found that some hormone substances called auxins and cytokines can affect the growth of new shoots of plants, but these substances also have many other effects on plant development. Scientists believe that the best way to control the shape of plants without affecting other features is to start with the MAX3 gene. Many of the branches and branches that look at flowers and trees are more beautiful, and wheat and other crops and trees used as wood have as few branches as possible to concentrate nutrients on the grains, fruits or trunks. Scientists said that the discovery of the MAX3 gene helps to develop better plant varieties.
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