In the period of strong growth of various crops, it is also a time when a large number of fertilizers are needed. Improper fertilization methods can cause fertilizer damage and increase production costs. Now introduce five kinds of correct and reasonable fertilization methods to farmers' friends for reference.
1. The total amount of rational fertilization should be grasped mainly by organic fertilizers and supplemented by chemical fertilizers; adequate base fertilizers, reasonable top dressings, scientific formulas, and balanced fertilization.
2, shallow or application of fertilizer. Fertilizers are volatile, lost or difficult to reach the roots of crops, and are not conducive to crop absorption, resulting in fertilizer waste and low utilization. Fertilizer should be applied to seeds or crops 15-26 cm.
3, improper crop fertilization, can cause fertilizer damage, the occurrence of burning seedlings, plant wilting and so on. If chemical fertilizers are applied directly to the stems of peppers and corn, fertilizers must be 8-15 cm away from the crops; otherwise, burning will occur. If one-time application of fertilizer or soil moisture after fertilization is insufficient, soil solution concentration will be too high, the roots of the crop will be difficult to absorb, leading to wilting of the plants, or even dead. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, there is a lot of ammonia or ammonia ions in the soil. Ammonia volatilizes, forms alkaline bead in the air, forms burnt crops, and produces burnt spots on the leaves. On the other hand, ammonia ions are easily nitrated on dry soil and converted into nitrosamines under the action of nitrosobacteria. Gasification produces two itch phlegm gas poisoning crops.
4. Excessive use of certain nutrient elements or partial application of nitrogen fertilizer will not only produce poisons, but also impede the absorption of other nutrient elements by crops, causing deficiency of the disease. Partial application of nitrogen fertilizer will lead to long-term greediness and low disease resistance of crops. The rate of seed settling declined.
5. Unripe human and animal manure should not be directly applied to vegetables. Fresh human and animal dung contains large amounts of pathogens, toxins, and parasite eggs. If it is used without being cooked, it will contaminate vegetables and cause diseases. It can be used only after it has been filial piety or has been harmlessly treated. Without decaying human and animal feces, a large amount of harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide will be generated during the decay process. It is easy for the vegetables to lose their itching and suffocation. At the same time, a lot of heat is generated and the vegetables are easy to make. Seed burning or root rot disease is not conducive to seed germination and growth.
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