Water spinach is one of the most common vegetables on our table. The optimum temperature for growing vegetables is 25-30 degrees. When the temperature is below 10 degrees, it will stop growing. Therefore, plastic greenhouses are often used for anti-season cultivation in winter. Let's talk about the anti-season cultivation techniques of the plastic greenhouse in the winter.
First, the variety selection
Common varieties of water spinach include big chicken yellow, big bone green, flag leaf, silk cocoon, and big chicken green.
Second, the seeding period
Planting water spinach in the greenhouse can basically be produced on an annual basis, and the annual supply. If you want to improve the economic benefits of planting, you can plant it in October-December, and you can go on sale in the 12th to the second year of March.
Third, soil preparation and fertilization
Because of the fast growth rate of the water spinach, the branching ability is strong, and the demand for water and fertilizer is also high. Therefore, the base fertilizer should be applied. Generally, the fermented organic fertilizer is applied to the fermented organic fertilizer of 1,500 to 2,000 kg per acre, and the plant ash is 100 kg, which is fully mixed with the soil. , it is 20 cm high and 130-150 cm wide.
4. Soaking seeds and germination
Since the seed coat of the spinach seed is thick and hard, if it is directly seeded, the germination is slow due to low temperature, especially when it encounters a long period of low temperature and rainy weather, which causes the seed to rot, so it is necessary to carry out germination. The spinach seeds are soaked in warm water of about 30 °C for 18-20 h, then wrapped in sand cloth and placed in a germination box at 30 °C to germination. When the seeds are 50% to 60% white, they can be sown.
Fifth, sowing
The water spinach can be spread or sown. The amount of soil per acre is 1.5-2.0 kg. After sowing, cover the soil with a thickness of about 1 cm. For the seeding, draw a 2 to 3 cm deep on the surface. The shallow ditch, with a groove distance of 15 cm, is evenly spread in the ditch and covered with fine soil. After that, the surface is covered with a sunshade net to pour the water, and the sunshade net can be uncovered after the emergence of the seedling.
Sixth, management in the greenhouse
(1) Temperature and humidity management
When the temperature of the greenhouse is low, the humidity is high, and the continuous low temperature and rainy weather takes a long time, it is necessary to do a good job of keeping warm and cold, and seal the greenhouse in time after planting to ensure that the temperature in the shed is higher than 10 °C, while the sunlight is sufficient, and the ventilation is enhanced. To avoid temperatures in the greenhouse above 35 °C. When the relative humidity of the greenhouse is 100% at higher temperatures and rainy days, it is necessary to remove the film at both ends or around the greenhouse for ventilation.
(2) Fertilizer and water management
The spinach is a crop that has been harvested many times. Therefore, in addition to applying the base fertilizer, it is necessary to carry out multiple topdressing. In the seedling stage, 10% to 15% of organic fertilizer is applied, and the amount per acre is 1 000 to 1 500 kg. When the water spinach grows 3 to 4 true leaves, it is mixed with 15-20 kg of compound fertilizer and 2~4 kg of urea; at the same time, it is topdressed with compound fertilizer 5-8 kg/667 m2 for each harvest. Always water the plants to keep the soil moist.
Seven, pest control
Common diseases and insect pests of water spinach include rickets, stem rot, mites, and red spiders. For diseases, it can be treated with 700 times of Phytophthora or 800 times of cardinal. The pests can be 1000 times or more than 1 gram. 500 times spray control.
Eight, harvest
After 35-45 days of sowing of the spinach, the plants should be harvested in time when they grow to a height of 35 cm.
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