Parents of the Cross Parental Selection Parents of the female parent require high fertility and adaptability. The mother body type should not be too large, and the large size consumes more feed. China's landraces are ideal hybrid mother varieties. The most widely used local breeds in our province are "Dingyuan Pig", "Southern Anhui Pig", and "Taihu Pig". The foreign varieties are Yorkshire and Changbai. The choice of a male parent In order to develop a commercial lean hog, the selection of a paternal breed should focus on fast growth, high feed rewards, high lean meat percentage, and good flesh quality. When multiple crosses, more than one parent, the first parent and the terminal father should be distinguished. The first male parent, in addition to carcass quality, must have good mating power with the female parent in reproductive performance. The terminal father should have fast growth, high lean meat, and good meat quality. Some areas often use Changbai and Yorke as their first parents, and Duroc as their second father. Several methods for the production of commercial pigs Currently, the following methods are used to produce meat piglets in our province. Dual-breeding is the hybridization of two varieties, also called single-crossing. The proportion of such hybrid pigs accounts for about 65%. There are two types of binary hybridization in our province: (1) Dirt hybridization in the oceans and oceans In 1972, China began to advocate "three-ization" pig rearing, which required "a local sow breeding of boars, boars to be exoticized, and crossbreeding of boars". . This form combines the fast growth and high lean meat percentage of the parent species (foreign species) with the high reproductive performance of the female native species. The heterosis of the offspring was significant, and the growth was fast. The carcass lean percentage was generally between 48% and 52%, and the meat quality was good. The disadvantage of this form is that the sows themselves do not have heterosis, and the commercial pigs have a low lean meat percentage. (2) Yangyang binary crossbreeding, ie maternal and paternal, were introduced from abroad, and crossbreeding commercial pigs had obvious heterosis and higher carcass leanness. However, exotic breed sows have low reproductive performance and high feed requirements. The application of the three-way hybrid hybridization model in our province is not long, and the proportion is only about 35%, but this is a development trend. (1) Native-territory three-way hybrids use local fine local breeds as female parents, and are bred with exotic lean boars. When the boars in the offspring are castrated and fertilized, they can receive binary crossbreeding effects; while the sows are left After planting, it is mated with another exotic breed of boar, and all the offspring are fattened. Three-way hybrids can exhibit stronger heterosis than binary, faster growth and higher lean meat ratio, and are suitable for domestic and foreign market sales. At the same time, sows themselves are a generation of hybrids with high fertility, strong adaptability, and easy feeding, suitable for small-scale farming in rural areas. (2) oceans, ie, the first female parent, the first male parent, and the second male parent of the hybrid are all introduced varieties abroad, such as Yorkshire, Landrace, and Duroc. The most common are the hybrids of Du Dachang or Du Changda. . This model is suitable for large-scale commercial farms. ( Deputy Director of Provincial Animal Husbandry Promotion Station Li Saiming)
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